While trying to setup Remote PowerShell to an Exchange 2013 Server I ran into a couple of issues. The most obvious was that the Exchange server only accepts SSL request, so you have to specify ‘https’ in the ConnectionUri, so I used these commands:

$Credential = Get-Credential administrator@posh.local
$Session = New-PSSession –ConfigurationName Microsoft.Exchange –ConnectionUri https://webmail.posh-workshop.com/PowerShell -Authentication Basic -Credential $Credential -AllowRedirection
Import-PSSession $Session

The following error was returned:
New-PSSession : [webmail.posh-workshop.com] Connecting to remote server webmail.posh-workshop.com failed with the following error message : The WinRM client sent a request to an HTTP server and got a response saying the requested HTTP URL was not available. This is usually returned by a HTTP server that does not support the WS-Management protocol. For mor e information, see the about_Remote_Troubleshooting Help topic.

When checking the PowerShell virtual directory using the Get-PowerShellVirtualDirectory | fl command I got the following response:

When you want to use Remote PowerShell from a non domain member (or via the Internet) you have to use Basic Authentication (as specified in my request), you also have to set Basic Authentication on the Virtual Directory as well, like this:

Get-PowerShellVirtualDirectory –Server MAIL01 | Set-PowerShellVirtualDirectory –BasicAuthentication:$TRUE

Once changed Remote PowerShell works as expected.